![]() ![]() This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. Received: MaAccepted: JPublished: June 30, 2021 PLoS ONE 16(6):Įditor: Ruslan Kalendar, University of Helsinki, FINLAND (2021) A CRISPR-based assay for the study of eukaryotic DNA repair onboard the International Space Station. ![]() These milestones represent a significant expansion of the molecular biology toolkit onboard the International Space Station.Ĭitation: Stahl-Rommel S, Li D, Sung M, Li R, Vijayakumar A, Atabay KD, et al. As necessary steps in this process, we describe the first successful genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in space. Here we describe a CRISPR-based assay for DNA break induction and assessment of double-strand break repair pathway choice entirely in space. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system offers a model for the safe and targeted generation of double-strand breaks in eukaryotes. However, our understanding of this problem has been limited by technical and safety concerns, which have prevented integral study of the DNA repair process in space. Previous work suggests that space conditions may impact the choice of DNA repair pathway, potentially compounding the risks of increased radiation exposure during space travel. Double-strand breaks are a type of DNA damage that can be repaired by two major cellular pathways: non-homologous end joining, during which insertions or deletions may be added at the break site, and homologous recombination, in which the DNA sequence often remains unchanged. Selves from cosmic radiation by repairing their own DNA.As we explore beyond Earth, astronauts may be at risk for harmful DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation. Through the experiment, astronauts will be able to protect their Greater than those on the planet's surface. Period of time exposes astronauts to radiation levels that are 30 times Protected by the Earth's magnetic field, staying onboard for a long Missions typically take six months or longer, which means they are at This aspect is extremely important for astronauts because space It is a clear indication that DNA editing can now be done in space. Since the experiment wasĬonducted in space, cosmic radiation was introduced during the editingĪlthough the final result of the experiment is yet to be publishedĪs an official study, it is already being lauded as a breakthrough since That was adapted from the same editing system that naturally occurs inĪfter editing or cutting into their sample, it was left alone toĪllow it to repair that damage that has been done to its DNA, ![]() Yeast's genome, they used CRISPR-Cas9, a gene-editing technology The DNA of brewer's yeast as their main sample. () astronauts Christina Kock and Nick Hague turned to ![]() Using the same idea as the basis for their experiment, Into the DNA strands of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Wanted to recreate radiation damage to an organism by creating breaks Mounds View High School in Arden Hills, Minnesota. Rebecca Rebecca Li, Aarthi Vijayakumar, Michelle Sung and David Li of The premise behind the study was first proposed by the students Repairing human DNA damaged by cosmic radiation. Station (ISS) were able to edit DNA in space using CRISPR-Cas9.Īccording to the astronauts, their successful experiment can help in In a historic move, astronauts aboard the International Space
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